Andorra

	Country name conventional long form: Principality of Andorra Capital: name Andorra la Vella Population 85,082 (July 2012 est.) Sex ratio: at birth 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.09 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2011 est.) Religions Roman Catholic (predominant) Nationality noun: Andorran(s) National Holiday Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278) Independence 1278 (formed under the joint sovereignty of the French Count of Foix and the Spanish Bishop of Seu d'Urgel) Languages Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese Literacy: definition age 15 and over can read and write total population: 100% male: 100% female: 100% Location Southwestern Europe, Pyrenees mountains, on the border between France and Spain Geographic coordinates 42 30 N, 1 30 E Map references Europe Area total: 468 sq km land: 468 sq km water: 0 sq km Area - comparative 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC Land boundaries total: 120.3 km border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km Coastline 0 km (landlocked) Maritime claims none (landlocked) Climate temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers Terrain rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys Elevation extremes lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m highest point: Pic de Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m Natural resources hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead Land use arable land: 2.13% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.87% (2005) Irrigated land NA Natural hazards avalanches Environment - current issues deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements Geography - note landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees