Burma (Myanmar)

Map of Mayanmar

Country	Burma
Capital	Rangoon (Yangon)
Independence	4 January 1948 (from the UK)
National holiday	Independence Day, 4 January (1948); Union Day, 12 February (1947)
Population	55,167,330 (July 2013 est.) note: estimates for this country take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected
Sex ratio	1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.9 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
Nationality	Burmese (singular and plural)
Religions	Buddhist 89%, Christian 4% (Baptist 3%, Roman Catholic 1%), Muslim 4%, Animist 1%, other 2%
Languages	Burmese (official)
Literacy	age 15 and over can read and write total population: 92.7% male: 95.1% female: 90.4% (2011 est.)
Location	Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Bangladesh and Thailand
Geographic coordinates	22 00 N, 98 00 E
Map references	Southeast Asia
Area	total: 676,578 sq km land: 653,508 sq km water: 23,070 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Texas
Land boundaries	total: 5,876 km border countries: Bangladesh 193 km, China 2,185 km, India 1,463 km, Laos 235 km, Thailand 1,800 km
Coastline	1,930 km
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Climate	tropical monsoon; cloudy, rainy, hot, humid summers (southwest monsoon, June to September); less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild temperatures, lower humidity during winter (northeast monsoon, December to April)
Terrain	central lowlands ringed by steep, rugged highlands
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Andaman Sea 0 m highest point: Hkakabo Razi 5,881 m
Natural resources	petroleum, timber, tin, antimony, zinc, copper, tungsten, lead, coal, marble, limestone, precious stones, natural gas, hydropower
Industries	Agricultural processing; wood and wood products; copper, tin, tungsten, iron; cement, construction materials; pharmaceuticals; fertilizer; oil and natural gas; garments, jade and gems
Exports - commodities	Natural gas, wood products, pulses, beans, fish, rice, clothing, jade and gems
Imports - commodities	Fabric, petroleum products, fertilizer, plastics, machinery, transport equipment; cement, construction materials, crude oil; food products, edible oil
Land use	arable land: 14.92% permanent crops: 1.31% other: 83.77% (2005)
Irrigated land	22,500 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources	1,045.6 cu km (1999)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)	total: 33.23 cu km/yr (1%/1%/98%) per capita: 658 cu m/yr (2000)
Natural hazards	destructive earthquakes and cyclones; flooding and landslides common during rainy season (June to September); periodic droughts
Environment - current issues	deforestation; industrial pollution of air, soil, and water; inadequate sanitation and water treatment contribute to disease
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94 signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note	strategic location near major Indian Ocean shipping lanes