Romania

Location	Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Ukraine
Geographic coordinates	46 00 N, 25 00 E
Map references	Europe
Area	total: 238,391 sq km land: 229,891 sq km water: 8,500 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Oregon
Land boundaries	total: 2,508 km border countries: Bulgaria 608 km, Hungary 443 km, Moldova 450 km, Serbia 476 km, Ukraine (north) 362 km, Ukraine (east) 169 km
Coastline	225 km
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Climate	temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog; sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms
Terrain	central Transylvanian Basin is separated from the Moldavian Plateau on the east by the Eastern Carpathian Mountains and separated from the Walachian Plain on the south by the Transylvanian Alps
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Black Sea 0 m highest point: Moldoveanu 2,544 m
Natural resources	petroleum (reserves declining), timber, natural gas, coal, iron ore, salt, arable land, hydropower
Land use	arable land: 39.49% permanent crops: 1.92% other: 58.59% (2005)
Irrigated land	31,570 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources	42.3 cu km (2003)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)	total: 6.5 cu km/yr (9%/34%/57%) per capita: 299 cu m/yr (2003)
Natural hazards	earthquakes, most severe in south and southwest; geologic structure and climate promote landslides
Environment - current issues	soil erosion and degradation; water pollution; air pollution in south from industrial effluents; contamination of Danube delta wetlands
Environment - international agreements	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note	controls most easily traversable land route between the Balkans, Moldova, and Ukraine