Czech Republic

Map of Czech Republic

Country	Czech Republic
Capital	Prague
Independence	1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia); note - although 1 January is the day the Czech Republic came into being, the Czechs commemorate 28 October 1918, the day the former Czechoslovakia declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, as their independence day
National holiday	Czechoslovak Founding Day, 28 October (1918)
Population	10,177,300 (July 2012 est.)
Sex ratio	1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
Nationality	Czech(s)
Religions	Roman Catholic 10.3%, Protestant (includes Czech Brethren and Hussite) 0.8%, other and unspecified 54.6%, none 34.2% (2011 census)
Languages	Czech 95.4%, Slovak 1.6%, other 3% (2011 census)
Literacy	Total population: 99% Male: 99% Female: 99% (2011 census)
Location	Central Europe, between Germany, Poland, Slovakia, and Austria
Geographic coordinates	49 45 N, 15 30 E
Map references	Europe
Area	Total: 78,867 sq km Land: 77,247 sq km Water: 1,620 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than South Carolina
Land boundaries	Total: 1,989 km Border countries: Austria 362 km, Germany 815 km, Poland 615 km, Slovakia 197 km
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)
Climate	Temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters
Terrain	Bohemia in the west consists of rolling plains, hills, and plateaus surrounded by low mountains; Moravia in the east consists of very hilly country
Elevation extremes	Lowest point: Labe (Elbe) River 115 m Highest point: Snezka 1,602 m
Natural resources	hard coal, soft coal, kaolin, clay, graphite, timber
Exports - commodities	Machinery and transport equipment, Raw materials and fuel, Chemicals
Imports - commodities	Machinery and transport equipment, Raw materials and fuels, Chemicals
Land use	arable land: 38.82% permanent crops: 3% other: 58.18% (2005)
Irrigated land	390 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources	16 cu km (2005)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)	total: 1.91 cu km/yr (41%/57%/2%) per capita: 187 cu m/yr (2002)
Natural hazards	flooding
Environment - current issues	air and water pollution in areas of northwest Bohemia and in northern Moravia around Ostrava present health risks; acid rain damaging forests; efforts to bring industry up to EU code should improve domestic pollution
Environment - international agreements	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note	landlocked; strategically located astride some of oldest and most significant land routes in Europe; Moravian Gate is a traditional military corridor between the North European Plain and the Danube in central Europe