Indonesia

Country	Republic of Indonesia
Capital	Jakarta
Independence	17 August 1945 (declared)
National holiday	Independence Day, 17 August (1945)
Population	251,160,124 (July 2013 est.)
Birth rate	17.38 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
Death rate	6.31 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
Sex ratio	1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.89 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2013 est.)
Nationality	Indonesian
Religions	Muslim 86.1%, Protestant 5.7%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 1.8%, other or unspecified 3.4% (2000 census)
Languages	Bahasa Indonesia (official, modified form of Malay), English, Dutch, local dialects (of which the most widely spoken is Javanese)
Literacy	age 15 and over can read and write total population: 92.8% male: 95.6% female: 90.1% (2011 est.)
Location	Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean
Geographic coordinates	5 00 S, 120 00 E
Map references	Southeast Asia
Area	total: 1,904,569 sq km land: 1,811,569 sq km water: 93,000 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly less than three times the size of Texas
Land boundaries	total: 2,830 km border countries: Timor-Leste 228 km, Malaysia 1,782 km, Papua New Guinea 820 km
Coastline	54,716 km
Maritime claims	Measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate	Tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
Terrain	Mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Puncak Jaya 4,884 m
Natural resources	petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver
Industries	Petroleum and natural gas, textiles, automotive, electrical appliances, apparel, footwear, mining, cement, medical instuments and appliances, handicrafts, chemical fertilizers, plywood, rubber, processed food, jewelry, and tourism
Exports - commodities	oil and gas, electrical appliances, plywood, textiles, rubber
Imports - commodities	Machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs
Land use	arable land: 11.03% permanent crops: 7.04% other: 81.93% (2005)
Irrigated land	67,220 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources	2,838 cu km (1999)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)	total: 82.78 cu km/yr (8%/1%/91%) per capita: 372 cu m/yr (2000)
Natural hazards	occasional floods; severe droughts; tsunamis; earthquakes; volcanoes; forest fires volcanism: Indonesia contains the most volcanoes of any country in the world - some 76 are historically active; significant volcanic activity occurs on Java, western Sumatra, the Sunda Islands, Halmahera Island, Sulawesi Island, Sangihe Island, and in the Banda Sea; Merapi (elev. 2,968 m), Indonesia's most active volcano and in eruption since 2010, has been deemed a "Decade Volcano" by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior, worthy of study due to its explosive history and close proximity to human populations; other notable historically active volcanoes include Agung, Awu, Karangetang, Krakatau (Krakatoa), Makian, Raung, and Tambora
Environment - current issues	deforestation; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage; air pollution in urban areas; smoke and haze from forest fires
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation
Geography - note	archipelago of 17,508 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean